Troubleshoot connecting to the SQL Server Database Engine

Problem:

User can not connect to SQL Server from a remote computer via SSMS. Ping returns unreachable. When user remote desktop on to server and use SSMS from the server, the user is able to connect to SQL Server.

Note:

• Make sure SQL Server Instance is running on the server.
• If multiple instances installed, make sure SQL Server Browser service is running.
• Make sure you can connect to it on the local server via SSMS.
• Make sure Protocol TCP/IP is enabled. If not, enabled it and restart SQL Server.
• Make sure Firewall is not blocking the port.
• Try to ping the server from your computer. If your network is properly configured, ping returns Reply from <IP address> followed by some additional information. If ping returns Destination host unreachable or Request timed out, then TCP/IP is not correctly configured.

Sources:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/database-engine/configure-windows/troubleshoot-connecting-to-the-sql-server-database-engine?view=sql-server-ver15